英语导游词范文西安
西安钟楼的英语导游词1
Todaywewillvisitthecitywall,thebelltowerandthedrumtower.Itsmypleasuretoserveyou.
TheancientcastlewenowseeistheMingxiancitywall,whichwasbuiltonthefoundationoftheimperialcityoftanganintheearlyMingdynasty.ItisoneofthemostfamouscitiesinthelatemiddleagesofChina,anditisthelargestandmostcompletedefensefacilityofancientmilitarycastlesintheworld.
Xian,astheancientcapitalofthemillennium,hasbuiltthewallmanytimesinthepast.Mostofthemareburiedbythedustofhistory.Thewallsweseenowgobacktothesuidynasty.In1369,theMingdynastymovedxudafromshanxitoshaanxi,andchangedtheoriginalfengtianroadtoxian,meaning"westernlastingpeaceandstability".Itwasthepreludetotheconstructionofthewallinxian.Theeight-year-oldwallshapeisarectangle.Thewallis15metershigh,12to14meterswide,16to18meterswideand13.9kilometersincircumference.Thebottomlayerismixedwithlimeandglutinousricejuice.Afterdrying,itisexceptionallystrong.
Theancientcitywallofxianincludesaseriesofmilitaryinstallationsincludingmoat,suspensionbridge,gatebuilding,archerybuilding,zhenglou,tower,enemybuilding,parapetandcrenel.Well,nowletsfeelthescientific,rigorousandcompletemilitarydefensesysteminperson.
Theperipheryofthewallisthemoat,alsoknownasthemoat,whichisthefirstlineofdefenseofthewall.Itcanblockanenemysattack,oreventakeadvantageoftheterraintodestroytheenemy.Themoataroundthecitywallofxianis20meterswide,andthegateiscrossedoverthemoat,andtheonlyaccesstothemoatandthegateisthedrawbridge.Atordinarytimes,thesoldiersinthecityofthecitylistenedtothecommanderofthemorningbell,loweredthedrawbridgeinthemorningandopenedthecitygates.Hoistthebridgeatnightandcutofftraffic.Onceawarhasoccurred,thedrawbridgerises,thegatesareclosed,andthegatesbecomefortifiedandenclosedfightingfortresses.
Thecitygateisthefocalpointofthecitydefensesystem,alsoistheweakspot.Atordinarytimes,itisapassagewaytoandfromthecity.Inwar,itisalsotheprimarygoalofdefendingthetwosides.Therefore,theMingdynastyattachedgreatimportancetoimprovingthecitygatedefensefacilities.Oneofthemostnotabletechnologicalbreakthroughsistheuseofthearchgatetopreventenemyfire.Mingxiancitygateisverysolid,doorleafwith16cmthickboards,afangate2.8cubicmeterswithwood,doorleafhorizontalturnupanddowntheironbarreinforcement,theintervalofeachtwobars,180ironneedlemushroomsnails.Thereare1,800ironmushroomneedlesonthedoor.Thiscompelsthewoodofthedoor,increasingtherigidityofthedoor,sothatthearrowcantbeshotin.
Inordertoimprovetheinsurancecoefficientofthecitygatedefense,thegateisactuallymadeupofthreeparts,namely,gatebuilding,archwayandmainbuilding.Thegatetoweristhemostoutside,itsfunctionistheliftsuspensionbridge.Itsusedtomakemore.Theenemyenteredthegateofthegate,asifenteringtheurn,andwouldbeattackedfromallsides,sothisspacedownstairsisalsocalled"wengcheng".Thearcheryisinthemiddle,withWindowsonbothsides,forarchery.Thewallbetweenthearcheryandthearcheryisalsocalled"wengcity",whichcanbetunneled.Thebuildingisthemainbuildingofthecitygate,whichisthemainbuildingofthecity.Ontheoutsideofthewall,thereisanenemystandoutsidethemainbody,commonlyknownasthe"horseface",every120meters.Thereare98horsesonthewholewall,thebuildingonthehorsesfaceiscalledtheenemybuilding,andthetwotowersare120metersapart,andtheothersideis60meters,whichis"astonesthrowaway".Thislayoutmakesiteasytoshoottheenemyfromtheside.Therefore,theancientscommented,"thereisacitywithoutaplatform,andwithoutacity,itisacity,sotheguardisthere,andsoisthecity."Ontheoutsideofthewallthereareshortpheasants,alsoknownas"battlements",withcrenelandsquareholesforarcheryandlookout.Theinsidewall,calledtheparapet,isdesignedtopreventsoldiersfromfallingintothewallwhiletheywalk.Atthefourcornersofxiancity,thereisatowercalledthe"turret".Inthecityofweng,whichisformedinthearcheryandthebuilding,thereisahorseroadleadingtothehead,whichisconvenientforthehorseandthehorse.Duringthewar,thisisthekeypointforthemobilizationoftroops,andmustbekeptclear.Sotheguardsareextremelystrict.
Astheyearschange,nowwecanseechangleofxiancitywallgate,AnDingMen,rosefinchdoor,includingdoor,jadeauspiciousdoorlight,etc.,theoriginofthesenamesfromonesidealsoreflectstheancientcityofupsanddownsfailure.ThecitywallofMingxianshowsthewisdomandwisdomoftheancientworkingpeopleinChina.Well,thecitywallofxianishere,andwewillcontinuetotakeyoutothebelltower.
BelltoweranddrumtoweraretheuniquebuildingsofancientChinesecities.BellsanddrumsweretheearliestpercussioninstrumentsinChina,withahistoryofmorethan3,000years.Originallyasaritualinstrumentandmusicalinstrument.Sincethespringandautumnperiod,ithasbeenusedformilitarycommand.TheancientChinesecitieshadthenatureofmilitarycastles.Besidesthecitywalls,excavatingthemoatandsettingupthesuspensionbridge,theyalsobuiltthebelltowerinthecenterofthecityasthecommandcenter.Atordinarytimes,withthemorningclock,thetimeofthereport,thetimetoopenandclosethesuspensionbridge,theemergencyconditionisusedtoalertthepolice,commandthecitydefense.ThisrigorousurbandefensesystemreacheditspeakintheMingdynasty.XianisamilitaryandpoliticaltowninthenorthwestoftheMingdynasty.Itsbelltoweranddrumtowerarethemostsimilarbuildingsinthecountry,regardlessofitssize,historicalvalueorartisticvalue.
Whatweseenowisthebelltower,thebuildingislocatedinxian,northandsouth,eastandwestfourstreetinterchange,itwasbuiltinMingseventeenyears,theoriginalislocatedintheweststreetmeetauspiciousview,withtheshiftinthecentreofthecity,intheMingwanlidecade,godwilltowertoawholedemolition,movedtoaddresstoday.
ThebelltoweristypicaloftheMingdynastyarchitecturalstyle,thebuildingis36metershigh,theheavyeavesandarch,magnificentandsolemn.Itconsistsofabase,abuildingandaroof.Thebaseissquare,allmadeofbluebricks.Thebuilding,asasquarewoodenstructure,issurroundedbyacloister,whichisatwo-storybuildingwithwoodenladderscirclingoverhead.Insideandbelowthebuildinginsidetwofloorssquarehall,displaytheMingdynastysincetheMingdynastyallkindsofpreciousporcelainandrednanmufurniture,allaroundthedoorisfullofreliefpainting,thestyleissimpleandvivid.Thetopofthebuildingisafour-cornerstructure,coveredwithagreenglazedtile,thetopofthedomeis5metershigh,glitteringandbrilliant.
OnthenorthwestcornerofthebelltowerisaMingdynastyironbell,weighing5tons.Itismuchsmallerthanthebronzebellthathungfromtheclocktower.Theclocktower,whichwasoriginallyhung,wasa"jingyunbell"castduringthetangdynasty.Nowtheclockisinxiansteleforest.Itissaidthat,althoughthestyleofthetowerhasnotchangedsinceitwasmovedtothepresentsite,thejingyunbellisnotgoingtosound.Thereisnoalternativebuttochange.Inordertomovethejingyunclocktothenewclocktower,aninclinedbridgewasbuiltonthewestsideoftheweststreet,andthejingyunclockwastransportedtothebelltowerusingtheramp.Itissaidthatthe"bridge"alsogotitsname.
Onthewestwalloftheclocktower,thereare"belltowersong"and"belltower"inscription."ZhongLouge"istheshaanxigovernorwhobuiltthebelltowerinthesameyear.Inthepoem,thebelltowerwaspraisedenthusiastically."Thebelltower"isthegovernorofthebelltower,detaileddescriptionoftheclocktower.Onthedoorofthebelltower,thereare64storiesofcarvedwoodenrelief,includingmagnoliafromthearmy,themoonandthemoon,thebookofliuyi,theseaofeight,andsoon.AfterthefoundingofthePeoplesRepublicofChina,thepeoplesgovernmentofxianmadethreemajorrepairstotheclocktower,whichrestoredtheancientarchitecturetoitsformerglory.
Comparedwiththebelltower,itisthedrumtower.Theentranceofthebuildingissouthtonorth,northtonorthgateandsouthweststreet.ThedrumtowerwasbuiltinMingfor13years,andthebelltoweristhesisterbuilding.Onthenorthsideofthedrumtower,thereisahugedrum,andthemorningbellonthebelltowerisknownasthedrumtower.Thebuildingisrectangular,withaheightandwidthof6metersandadepthof38meters.Thedrumtowerisaheavyeaves,glazedtileroof,heavyeavesandthreedropsofwater.Thebuildingisdividedintotwolayers.Undertheeavesofthenorthandsouth,therewasaplaque,whichwaswrittenbyemperorqianlongoftheqingdynasty:"wenwushengdi",whichwaswrittenbyliyunkuan,ascholarinxianningcounty.Theoutereavesofthedrumtoweraredecoratedwithdougong.Paintontheceilingpaintedcloudpatterns,antique,verybeautiful.Thebellanddrumtowermeet,makingtheancientcityofxianmorebeautifulandspectacular.Well,thisistheendofthebelltowertour.Thankyou!
西安钟楼的英语导游词2
Goodmorningeveryone!
Todaywewillhavethreeplacestovisit—theBellTowertheDrumTowerandtheCityWell.FirstwecometotheBellTower.
TheBellTower,aclassicalbuildingwithcarvedbeamsandpaintedrafters,hasbeenservedasthesymbolofXi’an.Itstandsinthecenterofthedowntownareawherethenorthstreet,thesouthstreet,theweststreetandtheeaststreetmeet.Andthetowerhouseahugebellwhichinancienttimeswasusetostrikethetimeeverymorning.Thisishowthetowergotitsname.nowitisanimportanthistoricalmonumentinshaanxiProvince.
TheBelltowerwasfirstbuiltinYingXiangtemplein1384duringtheMingdynasty.Itwasmovedtoitspresentsitein1582asaresultofthecity‘sexpansionprogram.
Ladiesandgentlemen,ThereisastoryabouttheBellTower.It’ssaidthatthefirstemperorofMingdynasty,Zhuyuanzhang,hewasborninapoorfamily.Bothhisparentdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhehadtoliveahardlife.Later,hewenttoatempletobecomeamonk.Whenheascendedthethrone,hewasafraidofbeingdeposedbysomeoneof“realdragon”.Therefore,hegaveorderstobuildbelltoweralloverthecountytorepressthe“dragonspirits”.Xi’anhasbeentheimperialcapitalcitysinceancienttimes.Sothe“dragonspirits”mustbeverystronghere.That’swhythebelltowerinXi’anwasnotonlybuiltearlier,butalsobiggerthantheotheronesinthecountry.Thebaseofthetoweris1,337.4squaremetersinsize,8.6metershighand35.5meterswide.Itwaslaidwithbluebricksallover.Thewholebuildingis36metersaboveground.Itisabrick-and–woodstructure.Theeavesaresupportedbycolored“dougong”atraditionalstructuralsysteminwhichbracketsareusedtojoincolumnsandcrossbeams,theuseofdougongmadethewholebuildingfirmandbeautiful.
Well,nextwewillvisittheDrumTowernearly.
TheDrumTowerstands500meterstothenorthwestoftheBellTower.Itwasbuiltin1380.Thereusedtobeahugedruminthetower,whichtoldthetimeatdark,andthatishowthetowergotitspresentname.Besidesmarkingthetime,thedrumwasalsousedtogivewarningstopeopleintimesofwar.ThebaseofTheDrumToweris1,924squaremetersinsize,and34metersinheight.Itwasbuiltwithbluebricks.TheDrumTowerhasarectangularshapeandshowstierandtheoutsideeavesaredecoratedwithnetworksofwoodarches.
Atlast,wewillvisitthefamouscitywallofXi’an.Themostcompleteandthebestpreservedcitywallinchina.
ThecitywallofXi’anisanextensionofthepriorTangdynastystructure.Itwasstaredin1370andfinishedin1378andhasarectangular–shapedconstruction.Itisover4kilometersfromtheeasttowestandabout3kilometersfromthenorthtosouth.Andthetotallengthis13.7kilometers.Itstands12metershigh,12-14meterswideacrossthetopand15-18metersthickatthebutton.Onthetopofthecitywall,thereisarampartevery120meters,whichextendsoutfromthemainwall.Thetopoftherampartisatthesamelevelasthetopofthewall.Therampartswerebuilttoallowsoldierstoseethoseenemieswhowouldtrytoclimbupthewall.Thedistancebetweeneverytworampartsisjustwithintherangeofarrowshotfromeitherside.Thisallowedsoldierstoprotecttheentirewallwithoutexposingthemselvestotheenemy.Therearealtogether98ofthemonthecitywallandeachhasasentrybuildingontopofit.
Therearefourmaingatesofthecitywall-oneoneachside-namedtheeastgate,thewestgate,southgateandnorthgate.Thefourgatesofthecitywallweretheonlywaytogointoandoutoftown.InXi’an,eachofthefourgatesconsistsofthreegatetowers.ThemaingatetoweriscalledZhengLouwhichislocatedontopofthemainpartofthecitywall.Itistheinneroneandisalsothemainentrancetothecity.Zhalouisthegatetowerwhichasuspensionbridgeandlocatedoutsideofthecitywall.It’susedtoliftandlowerthesuspensionbridge.JianlouisthearrowtowerandlocatedinbetweentheZhenglouandZhaloutowers.Therearesquarewindowsinthefrontandonthetwosidestoshootarrows.JianlouandZhenglouareconnectedbywallsandtheencircledareaiscalledWongchenginwhichsoldierscouldbestationed.FromWongcheng,therearealsohorsepassagesleadingtothetopofthewall.Therearealtogetherelevenhorsepassagesaroundthecity.
Awatchtowerislocatedoneachofthefourcornersofthewall.Theoneatthesouthwesterncornerisround,probablyafterthemodeloftheimperialcitywalloftheTangdynasty.Buttheotherthreearesquareandarehigherandlargerthanthesentrybuildingontheramparts.Thisshowsthestrategicimportanceofthecornersofthecitywall.
Allright,wehavefinishedvisitingthefamouscitywallofXi’an.Thankyou.
Todaywewillvisitthecitywall,thebelltowerandthedrumtower.It'smypleasuretoserveyou.
TheancientcastlewenowseeisthecitywallofMingxi'an,whichwasbuiltonthefoundationoftheimperialcityoftangandchang'anintheearlyMingdynasty.ItisoneofthemostfamouscitiesinthelatemiddleagesofChina.Itisthelargestandmostcompletedefensefacilityofancientmilitarycastlesintheworld.
Xi'an,astheancientcapitalofthemillennium,hasbuiltwallsmanytimesinthepast.Mostofthemareburiedbythedustofhistory.Thewallswenowseedatebacktothesuidynasty.In1369,theMingdynastymovedxudafromshanxitoshaanxi,andchangedtheoriginalfengtianroadtoxi'an,meaning"longlastingpeaceinthewest".ThebeginningofMing'sconstructionofthewallinxi'an.Theshapeofthewall,whichlastedeightyears,wasarectangle.Thewallis15metershigh,12to14meterswide,16to18meterswideand13.9kilometersincircumference.Thebottomlayerismixedwithlimeandglutinousrice.Afterdrying,itisverystrong.
Theancientcitywallofxi'anincludesaseriesofmilitaryfacilitiessuchasthemoat,thebridge,thegate,thearchery,thetower,thetower,theenemybuilding,theparapet,andthecrenostoma.Well,nowlet'sfeelthescientific,rigorousandcompletemilitarydefensesysteminperson.
Theouterwallofthewallisthemoat,alsoknownasthemoat,whichisthefirstlineofdefenseofthewall.Itcanblockanenemyattack,orevenuseafavorableterraintodestroytheenemy.Themoatthatsurroundsthecitywallofxi'anis20meterswide,andcrossesthemoatisthecitygate,andtheonlywaytoconnectthemoatandthegateisthesuspensionbridge.Atordinarytimes,thesoldiersofthecityofthecitylistenedtothecommandofthemorningclock,loweredthedrawbridgeinthemorningandopenedthecitygates;Hoistthebridgeatnightandcutofftraffic.Oncethereisawar,thebridgerises,thegatesareclosed,andthegatesbecomeafortifiedandclosedbattlefortress.
Thecitygateisthefocalpointofthecitydefensesystemandalsotheweakspot.Usually,itisthegatewaytothecity.Inthewar,itistheprimarygoalofthetwosides.Therefore,theMingdynastyattachedgreatimportancetoperfectingthecitygatedefensefacilities.Oneofthemostnotabletechnicalbreakthroughswastheuseofthevaultgatetopreventenemyfire.Mingxiancitygateisverysolid,doorleafwith16cmthickboards,afangate2.8cubicmeterswithwood,doorleafhorizontalturnupanddowntheironbarreinforcement,theintervalofeachtwobars,180ironneedlemushroomsnails.Thereare1,800ironmushroomneedlesonthedoor.Inthisway,itcompungethewoodofthedoorfan,increasingtherigidityofthedoor,sothatthearrowcannotbeshotin.
Inordertoimprovetheinsurancecoefficientofthecity'sgatedefense,thecitygateisactuallymadeupofthreecomponents,namely,thegate,thearcheryandthemainbuilding.Thegateisthemostoutside,itsfunctionistheliftingsuspensionbridge.It'susedformore.Theenemyentersthegateofthegate,asifenteringtheurn,andwillbeattackedfromallsides,sothespacedownstairsisalsocalled"wengcity".Thearcheryisinthemiddle,withWindowsonbothsidesandforarchery.Betweenthearcheryandthearchery,thewallisalsocalled"wengcity".Themainbuildinginthemainbuildingisthemainbuildingofthecitygate.Ontheoutsideofthewall,thereisanenemyplatformthatstandsoutsidethemainbodyofthewall,commonlyknownas"horseface".Thereare98horsesontheentirewall,thebuildingonthehorse'sfaceiscalledtheenemybuilding,andthetwoenemytowersare120metersapart,whiletheonesideis60metersandastone'sthrowaway.Suchalayoutmakesiteasytoshoottheenemyfromflank.Therefore,theancientscommented,"thereisacitywithoutaplatform,andacitywithoutacity.Therefore,itisacity,andsoisthecity."Ontheoutsideofthewall,therearepheasants,alsoknownas"stackingwalls",whichhavecrinisandsquareholes,whichcanbeusedforarcheryandgaze.Theinnerwall,calledtheparapet,isdesignedtopreventsoldiersfromfallingintothewallwhentheywalk.Inthefourcornersofthecityofxi'an,thereisatowercalledthecorner.Inthecityofwengcheng,whichisformedinthearcheryandthezhenglou,thereisahorseroadleadingtotheheadofthecity.Duringthewar,itwasthekeytomobilisation,andtheremustbenounimpededaccess.Sotheguardsareextremelystrict.
Astheyearschange,nowwecanseechangleofxi'ancitywallgate,AnDingMen,rosefinchdoor,includingdoor,jadeauspiciousdoorlight,etc.,theoriginofthesenamesfromonesidealsoreflectstheancientcityofupsanddownsfailure.ThecitywalloftheMingxi'anshowsthewisdomandtalentsoftheancientChineseworkingpeople.Allright,thecitywallofxi'anishere,andwewillcontinuetotakeyoutothebelltower.
ThebelltowerandthedrumtoweraretypicalbuildingsofancientChinesecities.BellandtambourineweretheearliestpercussioninstrumentsinChina,withmorethan3000yearsofhistory.Originallyasagiftandmusicalinstrument.Fromaboutthespringandautumnperiod,itbegantobeusedformilitarycommand.AncientChinesecitieshavethenatureofmilitarycastles.Besidesthecitywalls,excavatingthemoat,settingupasuspensionbridge,andsupportingthebuildingofthebelltowerinthecitycenterasthecommandcenter.Atordinarytimes,withthemorningclock,thetimeofthereport,thetimetoopenandclosethesuspensionbridge,whenthestateofemergencyisusedtopolicemartiallaw,tocommandthecitydefense.ThisrigorousurbandefensesystemreacheditspeakintheMingdynasty.Xi'anisamilitaryandpoliticaltowninthenorthwestoftheMingdynasty,anditsbelltoweranddrumtowerarethecrownofthesamekindofbuildingsinthecountry,bothintermsofitssize,historicalvalueorartisticvalue.
Whatweseenowisthebelltower,thebuildingislocatedinxi'an,northandsouth,eastandwestfourstreetinterchange,itwasbuiltinMinghongwuseventeenyears,theoriginalislocatedintheweststreetmeetauspiciousview,withtheshiftinthecentreofthecity,intheMingwanlidecade,godwilltowertoawholedemolition,movedtoaddresstoday.
TheclocktoweristypicaloftheMingdynastyarchitecturalstyle,thebuildingis36metershigh,heavyeavesdougong,magnificentandsolemn.Itconsistsofapedestal,abuildingandaroof.Thebaseissquare,andallaremadeofgreenbrick.Thebuildingisasquarewoodenstructure,andtheoutsideissurroundedbythecorridor,whichisthesecondfloor,withawoodenladderhoveringoverit.Insideandbelowthetwofloorsofsquarehall,thereareallkindsoffamousporcelainandrednanmufurnitureintheMingdynasty,thefourdoorsarefullofembossedpaintings,thestyleisboldandvivid.Thetopofthebuildingisafour-anglestructure,coveredwithagreenglazedtile,thetopofthetopis5metershigh,andthegoldenlightisglitteringandbrilliant.
AMingdynastyironbell,weighing5tons,isdisplayedonthenorthwestcornerofthebelltower.Itwasmuchsmallerthanthecopperclockthattheclocktowerhadhungearlier.Theclocktower,whichwasoriginallyhung,wasa"jingyunbell"madeduringthetangdynasty.Nowthisclockiscollectedinxi'ansteleforest.Itissaidthat,althoughthestyleofthebuildinghasnotchangedsincethebuildingofthebelltowerwasmovedtothissite,thejingyunclockhasnotbeenabletocrack.Thereisnoalternativebuttochange.Inordertomovethejingyunclocktothenewlybuiltclocktower,aslopingbridgewasbuiltinthewesternsectionofweststreet,andthejingyunclockwastransportedtothebelltowerusingtheslopeofthebridge.Itissaidthatthe"bridgezi"alsogotitsname.
Onthewalloftheclocktower,therearechimesofthebelltowerandthebelltower.Thesongofthebelltowerwasthefirsttimethatgongma-hsien,ashaanxigovernorwhobuilttheclocktower,wasdischargedtoBeijingwhenhewasdismissed.Thepoemhasawarmtributetothebelltower.Thebelltoweristhegovernorofthebelltower,whichdetailedthelifeofthebelltower.Onthedoorofthebelltower,thereare64storiesofwoodcutreliefs,includingmagnoliafromthearmy,themoonandthemoon,thebookofliuyi,theseaofeight,andsoon.AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,thepeople'sgovernmentofxi'anmadethreelarge-scalerepairstothebelltower,whichrestoredtheancientarchitecturetoitsformerglory.
Incontrasttothebelltower,itisthedrumtower,whichissouthandnorth,northgateandsouthdarcystreet.ThedrumtowerwasbuiltinMinghongwufor13yearsandthebelltowerwasthesisterbuilding.Onthefirstfloorofthedrumtower,thereisahugedrum,andthemorningclockinthebelltowerformsatwilightdrum,soitiscalledthedrumtower.Thefloorisrectangular,withaheightof6metersandadepthof38meters.Thedrumtowerisaheavyeavesmountainstyle,glazedtileroof,heavyeaves3water.Thebuildingisdividedintotwolayers.Thereisaplaqueundertheeavesofthenorthandsouth,theemperorqianlong'swrittenbookofemperorqianlong,"wenwushengdi",writtenbyliyunkuanofxianningcounty.Theoutereavesofthedrumtoweraredecoratedwithdouches,andtherearecorridorsonallsides.Theceilingispaintedwithpaintedcloudpatterns,antiqueandverybeautiful.Thebellanddrumtowerinturn,makingtheancientcityofxi'anmorebeautifulandspectacular.Well,thebelltowertourisoverhere.Thankyou!
今天我们将去参观西安城墙、钟楼和鼓楼。很荣幸能为大家服务。
我们现在看到的这座古城堡就是明西安城墙,是明初在唐长安皇城的基础上建筑起来的。它是我国中世纪后期历史上最著名的城垣之一,是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代军事城堡防御设施。
西安作为千年古都,历代曾多次修筑城墙。它们多数被历史的尘埃掩埋。我们现在看到的城墙可追溯到隋代。公元1369年,明王朝大将徐达从山西进入陕西,将原来的奉天路改为西安,意为“西方长治久安”。拉开了明在西安修筑城墙的序幕。历时8年修筑完的城墙外形是一座长方形。城墙高15米,顶宽12—14米,底宽16—18米,周长13.9公里。最底层用黄土与石灰、糯米汁拌合而成,干燥之后,异常坚固。
西安古城墙包括护城河、吊桥、闸楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敌楼、女儿墙、垛口等一系列军事设施。好了,现在让我们亲自来感受这座科学、严密、完整的军事防御体系。
城墙最外围是护城河,也叫“城壕”,是城墙的第一道防线。它可以阻滞敌人进攻,甚至可以利用有利地形把敌人趁机消灭。环绕西安城墙的护城河宽20米,跨过护城河就是城门,而连接护城河与城门的唯一通道就是吊桥。平时,守城士兵听从晨钟暮鼓的指挥,早晨降下吊桥,开启城门;晚上升起吊桥,断绝交通。一旦发生战争,吊桥升起,城门紧闭,城门就成为坚固封闭的战斗堡垒。
城门是城防体系的重点,也是薄弱点。平时,它是出入城市的通道。战争时,又是攻守双方争夺的首要目标。因此,明代十分重视完善城门防御设施。尤其值得注意的一大技术突破是采用了券拱式城门,以防止敌人火攻。明西安城的城门非常坚固,门扇用厚达16厘米的木板制成,一扇城门用木材2.8立方米,门扇上下横匝着铁条加固,每两道铁条的`间隔处,钉有180枚铁蘑菇针。整个门扇上共有1800枚铁蘑菇针。这样就挤密了门扇的木材,增加了门扇刚度,使箭矢无法射入。
为了提高城门防御的保险系数,城门实际上由三重组成,即:闸楼、箭楼和主楼。闸楼在最外,它的作用是升降吊桥。兼用来打更。敌人攻入闸楼城门,好似进入瓮内,会受到来自四面居高临下的攻击,因此楼下这一空间也叫“瓮城”。箭楼在正中,正面和两侧都有窗户,供射箭用。箭楼与箭楼之间用围墙连接起来的也叫“瓮城”,可屯兵。正楼在最里,正楼上面的城楼是城门的主体建筑,是主将镇守指挥所在。城墙外侧,每隔120米有一个突出于城墙主体之外的敌台,俗称“马面”。整个城墙上共有“马面”98座,“马面”上面的建筑叫敌楼,两个敌台之间相距120米,而它的一面为60米,为“一箭之遥”。这样的布局便于从侧面射杀攻城的敌人。因此,古人有评论说:“有城无台,亦如无城,是城所以卫人,台又所以卫城也。”。城墙上外侧有矮雉,又称“垛墙”,上有垛口和方孔,可供射箭和嘹望。内侧的矮墙称为“女儿墙”,是为了防止士兵行走时坠入墙下。在西安城墙四角各有一座城楼叫“角楼”。在箭楼与正楼形成的瓮城中,有通向城头的马道,便于战马上下。战争期间,这里是调兵遣将的咽喉要道,必须保证畅通无阻。因此守卫异常严格。
随着岁月的变迁,现在我们可以看到西安城墙的长乐门、安定门、朱雀门、含光门、玉祥门等等,这些名称的来历也从一个侧面反映了古城沉浮衰兴。明西安城墙显示了我国古代劳动人民的聪明才智,好了,西安城墙就参观到这里,我们将继续带大家去参观钟鼓楼。
钟楼和鼓楼是古代中国城市的特有建筑。钟与鼓本是中国最早出现的打击乐器,有3000年以上的历史。最初作为礼器和乐器。大约自春秋时期,开始用于军事指挥。古代中国城市兼有军事城堡性质,除城市四周构筑城墙,挖掘城壕,设置吊桥外,与之配套的还有在城市中心修筑钟鼓楼作为指挥中枢。平时以晨钟暮鼓报告时辰,定时启闭吊桥,紧急状态时用以报警 -,指挥城防。这种严密的城市防御系统在明代发展到顶峰。西安是明代西北军政重镇,它的钟楼和鼓楼无论从建筑规模、历史价值或艺术价值各方面衡量,都居全国同类建筑之冠。
我们现在看到的这座建筑就是钟楼,位于西安市东西南北四条大街的交汇处,它建于明洪武十七年,最初位于西大街的迎祥观,随着城市中心的东移,到了明神宗万历10年,将钟楼来了个整体 -,迁至今址。
钟楼呈典型明代建筑艺术风格,楼高36米,重檐斗拱,华丽庄严。由基座,楼身和楼顶三部分组成。基座是正方形,全部用青砖砌成。楼身为正方形木质结构,外面以回廊环绕,里面为二层楼,楼内有木梯盘旋而上。楼内上下两层正方形大厅里,陈列着明代以来各种名贵瓷器及红楠木家具,四面门上布满浮雕画,风格厚朴生动。楼顶为四角攒尖结构,上面覆盖着碧绿色的琉璃瓦,顶端大圆顶高5米,金光闪闪,辉煌灿烂。
钟楼的西北角上陈列着一口明代铁钟,重5吨,钟边铸有八卦图案。它比钟楼早先悬挂的铜钟小得多。钟楼原先悬挂的巨钟是唐代景云年间铸造的“景云钟”。现在这口钟收藏于西安碑林。据说,钟楼从迎祥观迁到今址后,虽然楼的式样大小并没有改变,但景云钟却怎也敲不响了。没有办法,只有另换。为了将景云钟移到新建的钟楼上,当年在西大街西段搭起一座斜桥,利用桥面斜坡把景云钟运到了钟楼上。据说“桥梓口”也因此而得名。
钟楼内西墙上嵌刻有《钟楼歌》和《钟楼记》碑刻。《钟楼歌》是当年修建钟楼的陕西巡抚龚懋贤在解职赴京时登楼所赋。诗中对钟楼做了热情的赞颂。《钟楼记》是督修过钟楼的巡抚张楷所作,详细记述了钟楼的身世。在钟楼的门上有木刻浮雕故事画共64幅,其中有木兰从军、嫦娥奔月、柳毅传书、八仙过海等等。建国后,西安市人民 -又对钟楼进行了三次大规模修葺,使这座古建筑又焕发了昔日的风采。
与钟楼遥遥相对的是鼓楼,楼底门洞为南北向,北通北院门,南达西大街。鼓楼建于明洪武十三年,与钟楼是姊妹楼。在鼓楼的第一层北面有一面巨鼓,与钟楼上的晨钟形成暮鼓,所以称为鼓楼。楼体呈长方形,基座的门洞高与宽均为6米,洞深38米。鼓楼建筑为重檐歇山式,琉璃瓦覆顶,重檐三滴水。楼分上、下两层。南北檐下各有一块匾,南为清乾隆皇帝御笔刻书:“文武盛地”,北为咸宁县书生李允宽书写“声闻于天”。在鼓楼的外檐都饰有斗拱,四面有回廊。天花板上油漆彩绘云形图案,古色古香,十分美丽。钟鼓楼交相辉映,使古城西安更加美丽壮观。好了,钟鼓楼的参观到这里就结束了。谢谢大家!
西安钟楼的导游词
西安钟楼位于西安市中心,明城墙内东西南北四条大街的交汇处。钟鼓楼是古代中国城市的特有建筑。下面是小编带来的西安钟楼的导游词,希望可以帮到大家。
各位游客大家好!
今天我们将去参观西安城墙、钟楼和鼓楼。很荣幸能为大家服务。
我们现在看到的这座古城堡就是明西安城墙,是明初在唐长安皇城的基础上建筑起来的。它是我国中世纪后期历史上最著名的城垣之一,是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代军事城堡防御设施。
西安作为千年古都,历代曾多次修筑城墙。它们多数被历史的尘埃掩埋。我们现在看到的城墙可追溯到隋代。公元1369年,明王朝大将徐达从山西进入陕西,将原来的奉天路改为西安,意为“西方长治久安”。拉开了明在西安修筑城墙的序幕。历时8年修筑完的城墙外形是一座长方形。城墙高15米,顶宽12—14米,底宽16—18米,周长13.9公里。最底层用黄土与石灰、糯米汁拌合而成,干燥之后,异常坚固。
西安古城墙包括护城河、吊桥、闸楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敌楼、女儿墙、垛口等一系列军事设施。好了,现在让我们亲自来感受这座科学、严密、完整的军事防御体系。
城墙最外围是护城河,也叫“城壕”,是城墙的第一道防线。它可以阻滞敌人进攻,甚至可以利用有利地形把敌人趁机消灭。环绕西安城墙的护城河宽20米,跨过护城河就是城门,而连接护城河与城门的唯一通道就是吊桥。平时,守城士兵听从晨钟暮鼓的指挥,早晨降下吊桥,开启城门;晚上升起吊桥,断绝交通。一旦发生战争,吊桥升起,城门紧闭,城门就成为坚固封闭的战斗堡垒。
城门是城防体系的重点,也是薄弱点。平时,它是出入城市的通道。战争时,又是攻守双方争夺的首要目标。因此,明代十分重视完善城门防御设施。尤其值得注意的一大技术突破是采用了券拱式城门,以防止敌人火攻。明西安城的城门非常坚固,门扇用厚达16厘米的木板制成,一扇城门用木材2.8立方米,门扇上下横匝着铁条加固,每两道铁条的间隔处,钉有180枚铁蘑菇针。整个门扇上共有1800枚铁蘑菇针。这样就挤密了门扇的木材,增加了门扇刚度,使箭矢无法射入。
为了提高城门防御的保险系数,城门实际上由三重组成,即:闸楼、箭楼和主楼。闸楼在最外,它的作用是升降吊桥。兼用来打更。敌人攻入闸楼城门,好似进入瓮内,会受到来自四面居高临下的攻击,因此楼下这一空间也叫“瓮城”。箭楼在正中,正面和两侧都有窗户,供射箭用。箭楼与箭楼之间用围墙连接起来的也叫“瓮城”,可屯兵。正楼在最里,正楼上面的城楼是城门的主体建筑,是主将镇守指挥所在。城墙外侧,每隔120米有一个突出于城墙主体之外的敌台,俗称“马面”。整个城墙上共有“马面”98座,“马面”上面的建筑叫敌楼,两个敌台之间相距120米,而它的一面为60米,为“一箭之遥”。这样的布局便于从侧面射杀攻城的敌人。因此,古人有评论说:“有城无台,亦如无城,是城所以卫人,台又所以卫城也。”。城墙上外侧有矮雉,又称“垛墙”,上有垛口和方孔,可供射箭和嘹望。内侧的矮墙称为“女儿墙”,是为了防止士兵行走时坠入墙下。在西安城墙四角各有一座城楼叫“角楼”。在箭楼与正楼形成的瓮城中,有通向城头的.马道,便于战马上下。战争期间,这里是调兵遣将的咽喉要道,必须保证畅通无阻。因此守卫异常严格。
随着岁月的变迁,现在我们可以看到西安城墙的长乐门、安定门、朱雀门、含光门、玉祥门等等,这些名称的来历也从一个侧面反映了古城沉浮衰兴。明西安城墙显示了我国古代劳动人民的聪明才智,好了,西安城墙就参观到这里,我们将继续带大家去参观钟鼓楼。
钟楼和鼓楼是古代中国城市的特有建筑。钟与鼓本是中国最早出现的打击乐器,有3000年以上的历史。最初作为礼器和乐器。大约自春秋时期,开始用于军事指挥。古代中国城市兼有军事城堡性质,除城市四周构筑城墙,挖掘城壕,设置吊桥外,与之配套的还有在城市中心修筑钟鼓楼作为指挥中枢。平时以晨钟暮鼓报告时辰,定时启闭吊桥,紧急状态时用以报警 -,指挥城防。这种严密的城市防御系统在明代发展到顶峰。西安是明代西北军政重镇,它的钟楼和鼓楼无论从建筑规模、历史价值或艺术价值各方面衡量,都居全国同类建筑之冠。
我们现在看到的这座建筑就是钟楼,位于西安市东西南北四条大街的交汇处,它建于明洪武十七年,最初位于西大街的迎祥观,随着城市中心的东移,到了明神宗万历10年,将钟楼来了个整体 -,迁至今址。
钟楼呈典型明代建筑艺术风格,楼高36米,重檐斗拱,华丽庄严。由基座,楼身和楼顶三部分组成。基座是正方形,全部用青砖砌成。楼身为正方形木质结构,外面以回廊环绕,里面为二层楼,楼内有木梯盘旋而上。楼内上下两层正方形大厅里,陈列着明代以来各种名贵瓷器及红楠木家具,四面门上布满浮雕画,风格厚朴生动。楼顶为四角攒尖结构,上面覆盖着碧绿色的琉璃瓦,顶端大圆顶高5米,金光闪闪,辉煌灿烂。
钟楼的西北角上陈列着一口明代铁钟,重5吨,钟边铸有八卦图案。它比钟楼早先悬挂的铜钟小得多。钟楼原先悬挂的巨钟是唐代景云年间铸造的“景云钟”。现在这口钟收藏于西安碑林。据说,钟楼从迎祥观迁到今址后,虽然楼的式样大小并没有改变,但景云钟却怎也敲不响了。没有办法,只有另换。为了将景云钟移到新建的钟楼上,当年在西大街西段搭起一座斜桥,利用桥面斜坡把景云钟运到了钟楼上。据说“桥梓口”也因此而得名。
钟楼内西墙上嵌刻有《钟楼歌》和《钟楼记》碑刻。《钟楼歌》是当年修建钟楼的陕西巡抚龚懋贤在解职赴京时登楼所赋。诗中对钟楼做了热情的赞颂。《钟楼记》是督修过钟楼的巡抚张楷所作,详细记述了钟楼的身世。在钟楼的门上有木刻浮雕故事画共64幅,其中有木兰从军、嫦娥奔月、柳毅传书、八仙过海等等。建国后,西安市人民 -又对钟楼进行了三次大规模修葺,使这座古建筑又焕发了昔日的风采。
与钟楼遥遥相对的是鼓楼,楼底门洞为南北向,北通北院门,南达西大街。鼓楼建于明洪武十三年,与钟楼是姊妹楼。在鼓楼的第一层北面有一面巨鼓,与钟楼上的晨钟形成暮鼓,所以称为鼓楼。楼体呈长方形,基座的门洞高与宽均为6米,洞深38米。鼓楼建筑为重檐歇山式,琉璃瓦覆顶,重檐三滴水。楼分上、下两层。南北檐下各有一块匾,南为清乾隆皇帝御笔刻书:“文武盛地”,北为咸宁县书生李允宽书写“声闻于天”。在鼓楼的外檐都饰有斗拱,四面有回廊。天花板上油漆彩绘云形图案,古色古香,十分美丽。钟鼓楼交相辉映,使古城西安更加美丽壮观。
好了,钟鼓楼的参观到这里就结束了。谢谢大家!
【相关阅读】
钟楼简介
西安是明代的全国军政重镇,西安钟楼无论从建筑规模、历史价值或艺术价值各方面衡量,都居全国同类建筑之冠。
钟楼构建于方型基座之上,为砖木结构,重楼三层檐,四角攒顶的形式,总高36米。基座高8.6米,每边长35.5米,面积约1377.4平方米,内有楼梯可盘旋而上。
在檐上覆盖有深绿色琉璃瓦,楼内贴金彩绘,画栋雕梁,顶部有鎏金宝顶,金碧辉煌。以它为中心辐射出东、南、西、北四条大街并分别与明城墙东、南、西、北四门相接。
钟楼始建于明太祖朱元璋洪武十七年(公元1384年),因楼上悬挂铁钟一口而得名。初建时,地址在今广济街口,与鼓楼对峙。明神宗万历十年(公元1582年)由巡安御使龚贤主持,将钟楼整体迁移于今址。钟楼呈典型明代建筑艺术风格,重檐斗拱,攒顶高耸,屋檐微翘,华丽庄严。
据说,明太祖朱元璋登基后不久,关中一带连连发生地震,民间相传城下有条暗河,河里有条蛟龙,蛟龙在翻身,长安在震动。朱元璋怕了,心里感觉不踏实,于是想办法要压着它。道人术士们给他出了个主意,让在西安的城中心修一座钟楼,钟乃天地之音,可镇住蛟龙。为此,朱元璋专门修了一个全国最大的钟楼,并调来“天下第一名钟”景云钟前来助阵。
钟楼修了,朱元璋又派他的大儿子镇守西安,这就是著名的秦藩王,秦藩王的王府就在今天的西安新城。碑林博物馆正门口那两个铜狮子,就是秦藩王王府的东西。
明王朝定都南京后,其间还有一次迁都之议。有大臣主张迁都西安。朱元璋曾有些心动,专门派太子朱标赴西安实地勘察,选择宫室基址,并绘制陕西地图进献。但这位太子返回后一病不起,次年便死了。迁都西安一事终未实现。
西安钟楼导游词作文
西安钟楼位于西安市中心,明城墙内东西南北四条大街的交汇处,是中国现存钟楼中形制最大、保存最完整的一座。小编收集了西安钟楼导游词作文,欢迎阅读。
西安钟楼导游词作文【一】
尊敬的各位游客:
大家好!很高兴和大家见面,大家就叫我常导吧。接下来就和我一起参观西安钟楼吧!
钟楼位于西安市中心,东南西北四条大街的交汇处。看,在我们眼前的两层建筑就是钟楼,它由基座、楼身和楼顶三部分组成。钟楼高36米,是古色古香的砖瓦结构,四角挑檐翘起,凌空欲飞,楼顶有各色玻璃瓦鲜艳夺目,美丽极了。钟楼四周鲜花环绕,增添了欢乐的节日气氛。
基座是由巨大的城砖筑成,沿着基座北面的楼梯而上,我们便来到钟楼楼身观光台,首先映入我们眼帘的是一口青色的明代大钟,重五吨,里面能容纳五六个人,钟面上雕刻着精美的八卦图案,浑厚洪亮的钟声好像闷雷滚动,告诉周边的人们新一天的到来;如今,钟声祈祷老人的长寿、可以让小孩健康快乐……一跨入展厅大门,就看见三排钟从小到大的排列着,其中的一排钟形状大小一模一样,但一排和一排形状不同;周围还有许多美丽的.水墨画和刚劲有力的书法,钟和书画向我们展现了明代人的技艺高超。站在钟楼上极目远眺,东南西北四条大街人来人往,车水马龙,热闹非凡。
今天,我很高兴为大家服务。鼓楼和钟楼遥相呼应,使古城西安更加美丽,下次有机会再带大家一起参观西安鼓楼。
西安钟楼导游词作文【二】
到西安游览时,您一定想去看看大雁塔二这座唐代古塔是古城西安的独特标志,古人曾留下“驱山晚照光明显,雁塔晨钟在城南”的诗句。作为关中八景之一的大雁塔高高耸立在西安市南郊慈恩寺内,距市中心约4公里,是我国的佛教名塔之一。
大雁塔前身是著名的慈恩寺。慈恩寺初名无漏寺,到了唐贞观二十二年(公元648年)高宗李治做太子时,为追念死去的母亲长孙皇后的恩德,下令在长安晋昌坊建造寺院,敕赐“慈恩”。它北面正对大明宫含元殿,占地26570平方米,周边风景优美,为唐都长安最宏伟、最壮观之佛教寺院。下面,请大家随我一起走进慈恩寺和大雁塔游览一番。
各位游客,慈恩寺是皇家主持建造的寺院,具有其他寺院望尘莫及的显赫地位和宏大规模。这座寺院当年由13座庭院组成,面积达34o亩,是现在寺院面积的7倍。其建筑富丽堂皇,装饰华丽富贵。慈恩寺现有面积32314平方米,约合48.5亩。
我们先来看寺院山门前这对威武的石狮子。说来也怪,一般外域传入我国的东西,总是先传入实物,而后才有根据实物创作的艺术品。而狮子落户我国,却例外地先传人狮子石刻艺术品,而后才有真狮子的出现。大家知道狮子是在东汉年间由波斯引入我国的,石狮子则是与佛教同时在两汉之际已自印度传入我国。狮子有 -避邪的作用,佛教认为“佛为人中狮子”,所以佛台前常刻有狮子,称 -狮子。慈恩寺大门口,有4尊石狮对称地雄踞左右,里边靠近大门的两尊,不清楚雕造于何年何时。东侧是雄狮,在戏弄脚下绣球。西侧是雌狮,脚边有一对小狮,称为母子狮。看来这些狮子也按照人们的习惯,以男左女右的序列摆放了。靠外边的两尊狮子,东侧一尊是清乾隆五十年(公元1785年)雕造,西侧一尊是民国19年(公元1930年)雕造。这两对石狮高度在1.7米以上,每尊重量至少也在250公斤以上。奇怪的是这两尊八面威风石制实心的庞然大物,即使用手轻轻地拍打,也会发出似铜非钢的金属声,清脆悦耳,十分动听。各位游客,您能猜出这是什么原因吗?
走进寺院是两座小楼,东边是钟楼,里边悬挂有明代嘉靖年间铸造的一口铁钟,重15吨。西边是鼓楼,楼里存有一面大鼓。长久以来,人们都把“雁塔晨钟’作为关中八景之一,广为流传。但以往人们都以为“雁塔晨钟”是指西安小雁塔的钟,其实此景指的是大雁塔,因为大雁塔这口钟重3万斤,是在大慈恩寺内于明嘉靖二十七年(公元1548年)十月铸造的,比小雁塔那口钟搬入寺内的时间早100多年,上面还铸有“雁塔晨钟”铭文。
众所周知,一般寺庙都有大雄宝殿,慈恩寺也一样。它的大雄宝殿位于寺院中心高台上,初建于明天顺二年(公元1458年)至成化二年(公元1466年),清光绪十三年(公元1887年)曾予大修。大殿上面三座塑像是释迎牟尼三身像。中间的叫法身像,西边的叫报身像,东边的叫应身像。释迎牟尼为佛教始祖,原是古印度迎毗罗卫国的王子,生于公元前565年,死于公元前486年,大约与孔子同时代。三身佛东侧立有释迦牟尼的十大 -之一迎叶;西侧立有其堂弟阿难,他待从释迦牟尼25年,也是十大 -之一。两侧是十八罗汉和玄奘塑像。
大雄宝殿后是藏经楼,存有《藏文大藏经》等重要经典。楼下是讲堂,为佛 -讲经说法之处,供奉阿弥陀佛铜像一尊,高1米多。殿内珍藏玄奘亲手供奉的佛座一件,还有唐代青响石四大天王像座一块。此石为蓝田玉山所产青石,敲之锵锵有声,清脆悦耳。
各位游客,我们走出藏经楼,就能看到壮观雄伟的大雁塔。看到这座唐代建筑,你们一定会又感叹又好奇吧?首先一个问题就是此塔为何要以大雁命名呢?
按照印度佛教传说,当初佛教有大乘与小乘两派,小乘佛教不忌荤腥。有一天,正是菩萨布施日,一座小乘寺院的和尚却买不到肉下饭。这时天空中一群大雁飞过,一个和尚望着雁群自言自语:“今日增房无肉吃,大慈大悲的菩萨一定不会忘记这是什么日子。”话音未落,领头的大雁便折翅坠地。于是全寺和尚大惊失色,认为这定是菩萨显灵。他们就在大雁坠地处建造石塔,并戒绝荤腥,改信大乘佛教。因此,佛塔又称大雁塔。
到了大雁塔,人们自然会想起唐代名僧玄奘,他是慈恩寺内的第一任住持方丈。相传唐永徽三年(公元652年),著名高僧玄奘 -为安置他从西域带回来的经书、佛像、舍利,奏请高宗允许,在慈恩寺西院,敕建了大雁塔。当年三月动工,玄奘亲自监造,一年建成。
各位游客,大家一定看过中国四大名著之一的《西游记》及据此改编的同名电视连续剧,那么《西游记》里的唐僧是否就是唐代这位著名和尚玄奘呢?玄奘法师俗姓陈,13岁在洛阳出家为增,勤奋好学,在国内各地访师问学后,决意到佛教发源地印度去探索佛教的精蕴。玄奘于唐贞观三年(公元629年)从长安出发,沿着丝绸之路,穿越上天飞鸟、下无走兽的戈壁沙漠,西行直至天竺,贞观十九年(公元645年)学成后返回长安,历时17年,行程5万公里,经100多个国家和地区,取回佛经657部,并在印度获得极高地位,备受尊崇。回国后,在唐皇室的支持下,他集中各地博学高僧,组成规模空前的佛经译物场,并亲自任译主。翻译的佛经无论从质量或数量上都远远超过前人,开创了我国翻译史上的新时期,共译著佛经75部1335卷,撰写了《大唐西域记》,受到各国学者的重视。应该说《西游记》是以唐代玄类西出取经为背景而写成的,但故事里的唐僧不全指玄奘,而是一个经过艺术化的文学作品里的人物。
各位游客,大雁塔在建时高60米,5层,砖表土心,光盘梯。后塔心砖缝草木丛生,渐趋颓废。经武则天长安年间、唐玄宗天宝年间、后唐长兴年间几次改造,大雁塔比原先长高了4.5米,还加了两层。底层每边长25米,基座为方形,边长45米至48米,每层四面均有券门,塔内装有楼梯。塔底层门楣上均有精美的线刻佛像,尤其是西门楣的释迦牟尼佛说法图,上刻当时废殿建筑的写真图,传为唐代大画家阎立本的手笔,是研究后代佛教文化和建筑艺术的珍贵资料。塔南门东西两侧的砖龛内镶嵌有唐太宗李世民撰的《大唐三藏圣教序》碑和唐高宗李治撰的《大唐三藏圣教序记》碑。两碑都是唐代著名书法家褚遂良书写,为唐代碑刻中的精品,是受国家保护的珍贵书法原刻,是研究古代书法艺术的重要实物资料。完全可以这样说,这座仿木结构的楼阁式方形砖塔,造型简洁,气势雄伟,有显著的民族特色和时代风格,是我国佛教建筑中的杰作。
游客们,大雁塔自建成至今,历代名人都留下了传诵千古的佳句。杜甫有‘高标跨苍穹,烈风无时休”的赞语,岑参有“塔势如涌出,孤高耸天宫;登临出世界,蹬道盘虚空”的名句。诗人气势磅礴的描写与富于哲理的感叹,常常在人们登塔时引起共鸣。